Consider the geometric series \(4+\frac{12}{a}+\frac{36}{a^2}+\cdots\)
If the sum is a perfect square, what is the smallest possible value of a where a is a positive integer?
This is a GP where T1=4 and r= 3/a
\(S_{\infty}=\frac{T_1}{1-r}=\frac{4}{1-\frac{3}{a}}=4\div \frac{a-3}{a}=\frac{4a}{a-3}\)
Now this sum is a perfect square so the square root of it is a rational number so
let's look at this.
\(\sqrt{\frac{4a}{a-3}}\\ =\frac{\sqrt{4a}}{\sqrt{a-3}}\\ =\frac{2\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a-3}}\\ \)
So a has to be a perfect square and a-3 has to be a perfect square.
The smallest value of a to meet this criterion is a=4
I have just seen your answer ElectricPavlov. YES your answer is correct :))