Here's one way to do this (maybe not what you're looking for )
Rewrite the equation of the line as
4y = 3x + 2
3x - 4y + 2 = 0
Recognize that the center of the circle is (0,0)
Using the formula for the distance between a point and a line we have
abs ( 3(0) - 4(0) + 2) / sqrt [ 3^2 + 4^2 ] = 2 / 5 = .4
This is the distance from the center of the circle to the line
The radius of the circle = sqrt 5
Using the Pythagorean Theorem, we can find 1/2 the length of AB as follows
(1/2)AB = sqrt [ (sqrt 5)^2 - (.4)^2 ] = sqrt [ 5 - .16 ] = sqrt [ 5 - 4/25] =
sqrt [ (125 - 4) / 25 ] = sqrt [ 121 / 25] = 11/5
Then AB = 2 (11/5) = 22/5 = 4.4